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Holborn Viaduct was a railway station in London which was opened in 1874 by the London, Chatham and Dover Railway as a new terminus to alleviate increasing usage of the nearby Ludgate Hill station. The station became redundant with the creation of the Thameslink service in the late 1980s, and was finally closed in 1990 under British Rail, being effectively replaced by the nearby St. Paul's Thameslink station (later renamed City Thameslink). ==History== During the 1860s and 1870s, had begun to struggle with increasing numbers of trains using the station. At the time, the London, Chatham and Dover Railway was suffering financial problems and was unable to raise capital to expand the station. A separate company was set up to construct a branch from the Ludgate Hill-Farringdon line that would terminate at a new station located on Holborn Viaduct, which would also have a new hotel forming its frontage. Holborn Viaduct station opened on 2 March 1874 with the intention that it be used as a terminus for main line and continental trains: these services were intended to operate to both the City of London and the West End of London. Trains would travel as far as where they would split, with one portion going to Holborn Viaduct and the other to Victoria. Local services carried on through the Snow Hill Tunnel to join the Metropolitan Railway at Farringdon Street (now Farringdon), with a pair of low-level platforms just north of Holborn Viaduct to allow interchange with the main line services. Opened on 1 August 1874, these platforms formed a small station named Snow Hill, which was briefly renamed Holborn Viaduct Low Level in 1912. Passenger traffic through the Snow Hill Tunnel ceased in 1916, which saw the low-level platforms closed, and Holborn Viaduct become a terminus for passenger services from the south of London into the City. The distance of just between Holborn Viaduct and St. Paul's station (now named Blackfriars) led to the intermediate station at Ludgate Hill being closed in 1929. The route was electrified in 1925 for services from and . Following the end of the Second World War, services to Holborn Viaduct began to be withdrawn. The electrification of the Kent Coast route led to two basic services operating all day from the station: to and West Croydon, with peak time services to a number of other destinations. The station was rebuilt between 1960–63. In 1963 the hotel, which had been heavily damaged during the Blitz, was demolished and redeveloped, with a new 10-storey office building replacing it. In the mid-1980s, Snow Hill Tunnel was restored as a north-south rail link through central London. Services to and from Holborn Viaduct were gradually run down as part of this plan. In 1988, passenger trains began running through the Snow Hill Tunnel again, and Holborn Viaduct was reduced to operating only Monday-Friday during peak hours. The Thameslink plan was to build a new underground station in the vicinity, to be called St. Paul's Thameslink. Its construction required the demolition of the bridge to Holborn Viaduct from Ludgate Hill. Holborn Viaduct station was eventually closed by British Rail on 26 January 1990. The frontage of the station buildings were incorporated into the new Thameslink station, which formed part of a new development funded by a commercial property company. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Holborn Viaduct railway station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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